Acronyms, Abbreviations and Units | 211

IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development     Natural Resources Research and
IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute     Development
IIRR International Institute of Rural Reconstruction   PIPRA Public-Sector Intellectual Property Resource for
IIT Indian Institute of Technology     Agriculture
ILO International Labour Organization   PGR plant genetic resource
ILRI International Livestock Research Institute   PVO Private Voluntary Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund   PVP plant variety protection
INM Integrated nutrient management   R&D research and development
IPM Integrated pest management   RDE research, development, and extension
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change   RDTE research, development, training and extension
IPPC International Plant Protection Convention   RMP Residue Monitoring Plan
IPR Intellectual property rights   S&T science and technology
IR insect resistant   SAARC South Asian Association for Regional
IRRI International Rice Research Institute     Cooperation
ISP internet service provider   SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources   SDR Special Drawing Right
  for Food and Agriculture   SEWA Self-Employed Women's Organization
IWMI International Water Management Institute   SHG self help group
K potassium   SPS Sanitary and phytosanitary
kcal kilocalorie   SSA Sub-Saharan Africa
kg kilogram   TBT Technical Barriers to Trade
km kilometer   Tg teragram (megatonne, 1012 grams)
kW kilowatt (103 watts)   TK traditional knowledge
LAC Latin America and Caribbean   TNC transnational corporation
LDC least developed countries   tonne 103 kg (metric ton)
LLP livestock and livestock products   TRIPS Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property
m meter (102 cm)     Rights
MA Millennium Ecosystem Assessment   UAE United Arab Emirates
ME A multilateral environment agreement   UN AIDS United Nations Joint Program on HIV/AIDS
mm millimeter   UNCBD UN Convention on Biodiversity
Mn manganese   UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat
MNC multinational corporation     Desertification
Mo molybdenum   UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and
MTA material transfer agreement     Development
MWe megawatt electricity   UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and
MWh megawatt hours     Development
NAE North America and Europe   UNDESA United Nations Department of Economic and
NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement     Social Affairs
NARA Nippon Australia Relations Agreement   UNDP United Nations Development Program
NARS National Agricultural Research Systems   UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and
NASA National Aeronautic and Space Administration     Cultural Organization
NBSAP Implementing National Biodiversity Strategy and   UNEP United Nations Environment Program
  Action Plans   UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
NDDB National Dairy Development Board   UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women
NFE non-formal education   UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
NGO Nongovernmental organizations   UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and
NOx generic term for mononitrogen oxides (NO and     Cultural Organization
  NO2)   UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on
nPAH nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons     Climate Change
NPM non-pesticide management   UPA Urban and periurban agriculture
NREGA National Rural Employment Guarantee Act   UPOV International Union for the Protection of New
NTB non-tariff barriers     Varieties of Plants
NTFP Non-Timber Forest Products   USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and   VCIP Village Computer and Internet Program
  Development   WCSDG World Commission on the Social Dimension of
OMC Organización Mundial del Comercio     Globalization
P phosphorus   WHO World Health Organization
PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons   WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization
PBR plant breeder rights   WTO World Trade Organization
PCARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and   Zn zinc