|
Coordinating Lead Authors |
2.1.4 |
Technology and innovation processes 72 |
| Fabrice Dreyfus (France), Cristina Plencovich (Argentina), Michel | |
2.1.4.1 Changes in perspective: from technologies to |
| Petit (France) | |
innovations 73 |
| | |
2.1.4.2 Market-led innovation 74 |
| Lead Authors | |
2.1.4.3 Technological risks and costs in a globalizing world 74 |
| Hasan Akca (Turkey), Salwa Dogheim (Egypt), Marcia Ishii-Eiteman | 2.2 |
Key actors, Institutional Arrangements and Drivers 75 |
| (USA), Janice Jiggins (UK), Toby Kiers (USA), Rose Kingamkono | 2.2.1 |
Farmers and community-based arrangements 75 |
| (Tanzania) | 2.2.2 |
Producers of AKST at national level 78 |
| | 2.2.3 |
Producers of AKST at regional and international levels 82 |
| Contributing Authors | 2.2.4 |
Public-private and private sectoral arrangements 86 |
| Emily Adams (USA), Medha Chandra (India), Sachin Chaturvedi | 2.2.5 |
NGOs and other civil society networks 86 |
| (India), Chris Garforth (UK), Michael Halewood (Canada), Andy | 2.3 |
AKST Evolutions over Time: Thematic Narratives 87 |
| Hall (UK), Niels Louwaars (Netherlands), Jesus Moncada (Mexico), | 2.3.1 |
Historical trends in germplasm management and their |
| Cameron Pittelkow (USA), Jeremy Schwartzbord (USA), Matthew | |
implications for the future 87 |
| Spurlock (USA), Jeff Waage (UK) | |
2.3.1.1 Summary of major trends in the history of global |
| | |
germplasm management 87 |
| Review Editors | |
2.3.1.2 Genetic resources as a common heritage 88 |
| Stephen Biggs (UK) and Gina Castillo (Ecuador) | |
2.3.1.3 Major changes in germplasm management 90 |
| | |
2.3.1.4 Increasing consolidation of the private sector 94 |
| | |
2.3.1.5 Farmers, public and private sector: roles and relations 96 |
| | |
2.3.1.6 The need for a renewed design with distribution of |
| Key |
Messages | |
diverse roles 98 |
| 2.1 |
Science, Knowledge, Technology, and Innovation in | 2.3.2 |
Pest management 98 |
| |
Agriculture 59 | |
2.3.2.1 Chemical control 98 |
| 2.1.1 |
The specificity of agriculture as an activity 60 | |
2.3.2.2 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) 99 |
| |
2.1 .1.1 The characteristics of agriculture as a multidimensional | |
2.3.2.3 Institutional innovations and responses in pest |
| |
activity 60 | |
management 100 |
| |
2.1.1.2 The controversy on multifunctionality 61 | |
2.3.2.4 Overall assessment of trends and challenges in pest |
| 2.1.2 |
Knowledge processes 62 | |
management 106 |
| |
2.1.2.1 Transfer of Technology as a model for organizing | 2.3.3 |
Food systems management 107 |
| |
knowledge and diffusion processes 63 | |
2.3.3.1 Local food systems activities 107 |
| |
2.1 .2.2 Other models of knowledge generation and diffusion | |
2.3.3.2 Global food systems activities 107 |
| |
processes 64 | |
2.3.3.3 Food systems outcome trends 108 |
| |
2.1.2.3 New challenges and opportunities 68 | 2.4 |
Lessons from the Past: Implications for the Future 116 |
| 2.1.3 |
Science processes 70 | 2.4.1 |
Multiple AKST actors and partnerships 118 |
| |
2.1.3.1 Cultures of science 70 | 2.4.2 |
AKST and education 118 |
| |
2.1.3.2 A changing contract between science and society 71 | 2.4.3 |
Public policy and regulatory frameworks 118 |