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Index
Page references followed by f, t, and b indicate figures, tables, and boxes, respectively.
| A Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS), 203 Accountability, 207 Actors, capacity strengthening for, 181 Adaptive mosaic scenario 2007-2015, 149–51, 151–53 implications for innovation and development policies, 160, 162 states of component variables, 132t–137t Adaptive research, 91 Aflatoxins, 56 African palm, 35 Agrarian reform (AR) agricultural development and, 194–95 demands for, 22 food sovereignty and, 20, 192 income levels and, 146, 149 land tenure and, 16 Agreement on the Transfer of Material, 179 Agribusiness expansion of, 108, 113 food chains, 42–44 learning partnerships and, 83b in life as it is scenario, 145, 146, 148, 149 non-food products and, 10–11 in order from strength scenario, 142, 144 See also Conventional/productivist system Agricultura campesina. See Traditional/ indigenous system Agricultural extension services adaptive research and, 91 agroecology and, 171 extension and technology transfer systems, 80 financing and, 161 food security and, 192 grassroots institutions and, 198–99 integration of, 86 national research organizations and, 87, 103 participatory approach and, 177 policies for, 204–5 Produce Foundations and, 90b Agricultural Information and Knowledge approach, 5 Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology. See AKST systems Agricultural production characteristics and trends agrofuels (bioenergy crops), 41–42 food chains, 42–44 gender aspects, 48–50 knowledge, 45–48 |
regional trends, 32–42 resources available, 28–32 sociocultural characteristics, 44–45 Agriculture climate change and, 24–26 importance to LAC, 27–28 infectious diseases and, 26b Agrifood chains, 42–44 Agrobiodiversity conventional systems and, 199–200 in LAC region, 102 productivity and, 50–51 as resource, 29 self-training and, 204 small-farmer processes and technical assistance, 203 and sustainable management of production systems, 199 traditional/indigenous system and, 7, 200 See also Biodiversity Agrochemicals acute and chronic toxicity due to, 60 ecosystem contamination from, 58–59 environmental and health costs from, 63t food safety and, 55–56 reduction of (See Agroecological system) sustainability and, 55 See also Pest management Agroecological areas in LAC, 11t Agroecological system AKST impact on, 106 characteristics, 7, 8t development of, 95 incentives for, 170–71 modernization and, 48 productivity of, 52–54 sustainability of, 55 Agrofuels (bioenergy crops). See Bioenergy and agrofuels AKST systems (Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology) adaptive mosaic scenario, 150–51, 152–53 agenda, 89–91, 92b, 93t–94t civil society and, 90b clients of, 91 decentralizing, 197 definition of, 5 effectiveness and impact of, 105–8 evolution of, 86–87 factors conditioning potential of, 88t financial resources and administration of, 95–101 global orchestration scenario, 131–37, 139 |
impacts factors, 88t institutional and administrative constraints, 82–86 integration of, 168–70, 169f interactions between organizations and knowledge networks, 87–89 knowledge, science, and technology from agroecological perspective, 95 knowledge and institutes, relationships with, 169f life as it is scenario, 145–46, 148 local and third sector organizations in, 77–78 national organizations in, 78–80 order from strength scenario, 141, 143 Patronatos organizations in, 79b performance monitoring and assessment, 94–95 priority research processes, 94 regional organizations and mechanisms in, 80–82 research styles, 91–94 society’s perception of, 89 technogarden scenario, 155, 158 transition financing, 210 triangular relationships, 168, 169f variables changes, responses to, 101–5 Andean region bacterial wilt in, 83b climate, 25t Consortium for the Sustainable Development of the Andean Eco-region (CONDESAN), 83b countries and areas, 10t environmental sustainability in, 172 In-Situ Cultivation of Cultivars and Wild Relatives 2001-2005 project, Peru, 194 land use, 32t, 33, 33f national research institutes, 204 production growth rates, 98t world view, 7, 9f Animals, 29 Aquaculture in Amazonia, 172 Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, environmental impacts on, 58–59 AR. See Agrarian reform Associative networks, 195–96 B Basic needs concept, 191 Basic research, 91–94, 92b, 170 Bean, common (Phaseolus vulgaris), 29 Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 19b–20b |
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