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Index
Page references followed by f, t, and b indicate figures, tables, and boxes, respectively.
| A AARI. See Aegean Agricultural Research Institute Accountability, 108–9 ACSAD. See Arab Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Lands and Arid Zones Adaptation, climate change and, 131–32 Aegean Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), 45 Agenda 21, 93 Agrarian reform, 17, 49, 76–77 Agricultural chambers, 52 Agricultural Extension and Applied Research Project (TYUAP), 66–67 Agricultural Research and Introduction Centre (ARIC), 45 Agricultural Research, Extension and Training Coordination (TAYEK) program, 67 Agrobiodiversity access and use of as key issue, 20 animal breeds and, 45 changes in, 42–43 conservation and maintenance of, 45–48 consumer and market demand and, 44–45 crop and plant diversity changes and, 43–44 exploitation and use of, 48 importance of, 57 modern variety introduction and, 43 need for promotion of, 72 overview of, 7 plant genetic resource units and, 73 rangeland composition and, 45 richness of, 29 trends in, 84, 88 Agrochemicals, 88–89, 130, 148–49. See also Fertilizers; Herbicides; Pesticides Agroforestry, 128 Air quality, 7 Al Corane, 38 Al Wahda Dam, 38 Alkalization, 6 Amu-Darya, 41 Animal products, 19, 32, 33, 52, 63, 126. See also Livestock AOAD. See Arab Organization for Agricultural Development Aquaculture, 127, 140, 151 Aquifers, storage of water in, 55–56 Arab Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Lands and Arid Zones (ACSAD), 46 Arab Maghreb Union, 99 Arab Organization for Agricultural Development (AOAD), 46 Aral Sea, 6, 10b, 41 |
Aridity zones, 3–6, 5t, 14–15, 17–18, 21 Aswan High Dam, 24–25 Ataturk Dam, 25 Avian flu, 93, 150 Azraq Oasis, 44–45 B Badieh Dam, 38 Balochistan, 72 Barcelona Declaration, 50, 51t, 100 Barley, 48, 60, 69 Bedouins, 69, 71–72 Bennett’s Law, 133 Bern Convention, 46 Biodiversity. See also Agrobiodiversity effect of agriculture on, 120, 149–50 local knowledge and, 21 need for policy adaptations and, 147 need for technology to address loss of, 72 protection of, 141 rational management of, 139–40, 139t trends in, 88 Biodiversity International (formerly IPGRI), 46, 73, 139–41 Biodrainage, 129t Bioenergy carbon sequestration and, 42, 43t, 132 need for as driver, 84, 85, 86t, 91 trends in, 84 uncertainty and, 153 Biofortification, 111 Biogeochemical cycles, 30 Biosafety, 46, 147 Biotechnology. See also Genetically modified organisms increased investment in, 24 information exchange and, 109–10 integrated pest management (IPM) and, 130–31 knowledge transfer and, 113 need for research in, 104, 130–31 policy and, 115 possible products of, 92–93 trade and, 51t uncertainty and, 153–54 Bird flu, 93, 150 Birth weights, 14 Blue box payments, 100 Brain drain, 3 Breeding programs climate change and, 131–32 creation of new varieties and, 48 livestock and, 103 |
rational natural resource management and, 140–41 risk management and, 53 water use efficiency and, 122–23 wheat and, 43 Brucellosis, 53 Bunds, 72 Business-as-usual scenarios, 84–85 C Calendars, agricultural, 68 Capacity development as key issue, 22–23, 91, 120 knowledge management and, 141–45, 143f, 146b sustainability and, 122, 139–40 technology transfer and, 72–73 Captive breeding programs, 140 Carbon dioxide emissions, 7, 29. See also Climate change Carbon markets, 42 Carbon sequestration, 41–42, 42t, 43t, 129t, 132–33 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the CBD, 29 Cash crops, 110 Central Asia and Trans-Caucasus Network on Plant Genetic Resources (CA-TCN/PGR), 46 Cereals. See also Grains agricultural biodiversity and, 43 international trade of, 60–61, 61f, 62t net importation of, 2 North Africa and, 22 risk management and, 54 Certified seeds, 33 CGAIR. See Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research Check dams, 23 Child labor, 11 Cisterns, 72 CITES, 46 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate change adaptation to, mitigation and, 120, 131–33 carbon sequestration and, 41–42, 42t, 43t, 129t, 132–33 deforestation and, 29 as driver, 84, 85, 86t, 90–91 drought and, 52–53 as key issue, 8b, 20 land use, land cover and, 30 overview of, 7 social processes and, 110 uncertainty and, 153 water resources and, 37 |
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